diff --git a/lib/graph/apply-proposal.js b/lib/graph/apply-proposal.js
index f64356e..e667543 100644
--- a/lib/graph/apply-proposal.js
+++ b/lib/graph/apply-proposal.js
@@ -2682,6 +2682,137 @@ function answerConfirmsComparability(answer) {
   );
 }
 
+function normaliseSemanticText(value) {
+  return String(value || "")
+    .toLowerCase()
+    .replace(/\s+/g, " ")
+    .trim();
+}
+
+function hasConditionalQualification(text) {
+  const value = normaliseSemanticText(text);
+  return (
+    value.includes("might") ||
+    value.includes("normally") ||
+    value.includes("for the right opportunity") ||
+    value.includes("depends") ||
+    value.includes("conditional") ||
+    value.includes("under specific")
+  );
+}
+
+function containsConstraintBoundaryLanguage(text) {
+  const value = normaliseSemanticText(text);
+  return (
+    value.includes("hard constraint") ||
+    value.includes("constraint") ||
+    value.includes("non negotiable") ||
+    value.includes("non-negotiable") ||
+    value.includes("preference") ||
+    value.includes("trade off") ||
+    value.includes("trade-off")
+  );
+}
+
+function containsWeakeningOfHardConstraint(text) {
+  const value = normaliseSemanticText(text);
+  return (
+    value.includes("preference") ||
+    value.includes("trade off") ||
+    value.includes("trade-off") ||
+    value.includes("not a hard constraint") ||
+    value.includes("rather than a hard constraint")
+  );
+}
+
+function proposalResolutionSummary(proposal) {
+  const resolved =
+    proposal.resolvedUnknownNodeIds.length > 0 ||
+    proposal.updatedNodes.some((update) => update.newStatus === "resolved");
+  const proposalText = normaliseSemanticText(
+    [
+      ...(proposal.updatedNodes || []).flatMap((update) => [
+        update.reason,
+        update.newValue,
+      ]),
+      proposal.selectedQuestion?.question,
+      proposal.selectedQuestion?.reason,
+    ]
+      .filter(Boolean)
+      .join(" "),
+  );
+
+  return { resolved, proposalText };
+}
+
+function validateAnswerMeaningAlignment(proposal) {
+  if (!proposal.answerMeaning) return [];
+
+  const errors = [];
+  const { userSupportedMeaning, supportCategory, resolutionGuidance } =
+    proposal.answerMeaning;
+  const meaningText = normaliseSemanticText(userSupportedMeaning);
+  const { resolved, proposalText } = proposalResolutionSummary(proposal);
+
+  if (resolutionGuidance === "must_remain_unresolved" && resolved) {
+    errors.push(
+      "Proposal resolves an unknown even though answerMeaning says the user's answer must remain unresolved.",
+    );
+  }
+
+  if (supportCategory === "relative_priority_only") {
+    if (containsConstraintBoundaryLanguage(meaningText)) {
+      errors.push(
+        "answerMeaning.userSupportedMeaning for relative_priority_only must not introduce a constraint or preference/trade-off judgement.",
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (containsConstraintBoundaryLanguage(proposalText)) {
+      errors.push(
+        "Proposal introduces unsupported constraint-boundary interpretation from a relative-priority answer.",
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (supportCategory === "conditional_tradeoff") {
+    if (!hasConditionalQualification(meaningText)) {
+      errors.push(
+        "answerMeaning.userSupportedMeaning for conditional_tradeoff must preserve the user's qualification or condition.",
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (resolved && !hasConditionalQualification(proposalText)) {
+      errors.push(
+        "Proposal resolves a conditional trade-off without preserving its conditional qualification in the proposed change.",
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (supportCategory === "uncertain") {
+    if (containsConstraintBoundaryLanguage(proposalText)) {
+      errors.push(
+        "Proposal introduces a stronger interpretation even though answerMeaning marks the answer as uncertain.",
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (supportCategory === "explicit_hard_constraint") {
+    if (!resolved && resolutionGuidance === "must_resolve") {
+      errors.push(
+        "Proposal leaves an explicitly stated hard constraint unresolved.",
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (containsWeakeningOfHardConstraint(proposalText)) {
+      errors.push(
+        "Proposal weakens an explicitly stated hard constraint into a preference or trade-off.",
+      );
+    }
+  }
+
+  return errors;
+}
+
 function deriveReasoningStateOverride({
   graph,
   previousQuestion,
@@ -2853,6 +2984,9 @@ export function applyValidatedProposal({
     validatedProposal,
   );
   proposalCompatibilityErrors.push(...selectedQuestionValidation.errors);
+  proposalCompatibilityErrors.push(
+    ...validateAnswerMeaningAlignment(validatedProposal),
+  );
   proposalCompatibilityErrors.push(
     ...validateQuestionSelectionRequirement(situationGraph, validatedProposal),
   );
diff --git a/lib/graph/prompt-builder.js b/lib/graph/prompt-builder.js
index 1212567..9c5dc46 100644
--- a/lib/graph/prompt-builder.js
+++ b/lib/graph/prompt-builder.js
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ The JSON object must contain exactly these top-level fields:
 - resolvedUnknownNodeIds
 - affectedNodeIds
 - selectedQuestion
+- answerMeaning
 
 ## Required Shapes
 - addedNodes: array of nodes using these exact keys:
@@ -82,6 +83,8 @@ The JSON object must contain exactly these top-level fields:
 - affectedNodeIds: array of strings
 - selectedQuestion: either null or an object using these exact keys:
   nodeId, question, reason
+- answerMeaning: either null or an object using these exact keys:
+   userSupportedMeaning, possibleInference, supportCategory, resolutionGuidance
 
 ## Proposal Rules
 1. Propose changes only. Never return a replacement graph.
@@ -111,6 +114,12 @@ The JSON object must contain exactly these top-level fields:
 23. Never use unknown enum values.
 24. Do not change existing IDs.
 25. Do not replace the whole graph, and do not restate unchanged graph content inside the proposal.
+26. answerMeaning.userSupportedMeaning must state only what the user's answer directly supports.
+27. Put any stronger interpretation in answerMeaning.possibleInference, not in userSupportedMeaning.
+28. If the answer is only a relative priority statement, use supportCategory=relative_priority_only and resolutionGuidance=must_remain_unresolved.
+29. If the answer is conditional or qualified, preserve that qualification explicitly in userSupportedMeaning.
+30. If the answer says the user is unsure or does not resolve the distinction, use supportCategory=uncertain and resolutionGuidance=must_remain_unresolved.
+31. If the answer explicitly states a hard constraint, use supportCategory=explicit_hard_constraint and resolutionGuidance=must_resolve.
 
 ## Additional Guidance
 - If the answer only clarifies an existing unknown, prefer updatedNodes and resolvedUnknownNodeIds over creating duplicate nodes.
@@ -120,6 +129,7 @@ The JSON object must contain exactly these top-level fields:
 - If you add a new unknown, its description must do two jobs in one sentence: what is unknown, and why resolving it matters for the case.
 - Treat selectedQuestion as a candidate only; the engine will apply deterministic information-value scoring after validation.
 - If the answer does not justify a change, return empty arrays for every category.
+- Use answerMeaning to preserve the answer's direct meaning even when the graph change remains unresolved.
 
 ## Example Constraint Reminder
 ${formatExampleAnswerBlock()}
diff --git a/lib/graph/schema.js b/lib/graph/schema.js
index fbe173a..aaf3e5f 100644
--- a/lib/graph/schema.js
+++ b/lib/graph/schema.js
@@ -144,6 +144,29 @@ const graphUpdateNodeChangeSchema = z.object({
   reason: z.string().min(1),
 });
 
+export const answerSupportCategory = /** @type {const} */ ({
+  relative_priority_only: "relative_priority_only",
+  conditional_tradeoff: "conditional_tradeoff",
+  uncertain: "uncertain",
+  explicit_hard_constraint: "explicit_hard_constraint",
+  other: "other",
+});
+
+export const answerResolutionGuidance = /** @type {const} */ ({
+  must_remain_unresolved: "must_remain_unresolved",
+  may_resolve: "may_resolve",
+  must_resolve: "must_resolve",
+});
+
+export const answerMeaningSchema = z
+  .object({
+    userSupportedMeaning: z.string().min(1),
+    possibleInference: z.string().nullable().optional(),
+    supportCategory: z.enum(Object.values(answerSupportCategory)),
+    resolutionGuidance: z.enum(Object.values(answerResolutionGuidance)),
+  })
+  .strict();
+
 export const selectedQuestionSchema = z
   .object({
     nodeId: z.string().min(1),
@@ -160,6 +183,7 @@ export const graphUpdateSchema = z.object({
   resolvedUnknownNodeIds: z.array(z.string()).default([]),
   affectedNodeIds: z.array(z.string()).default([]),
   selectedQuestion: selectedQuestionSchema.nullable().default(null),
+  answerMeaning: answerMeaningSchema.nullable().default(null),
 });
 
 /** @typedef {z.infer<typeof graphUpdateSchema>} GraphUpdate */
diff --git a/tests/graph/apply-proposal.test.js b/tests/graph/apply-proposal.test.js
index 8a00c5c..0ffe901 100644
--- a/tests/graph/apply-proposal.test.js
+++ b/tests/graph/apply-proposal.test.js
@@ -254,6 +254,30 @@ function makeCommercialUpdateFixture() {
   });
 }
 
+function makeRiskClarificationFixture() {
+  const riskUnknown = makeNode({
+    id: "n-risk-constraint",
+    label: "Whether avoiding more risk is a hard constraint",
+    description:
+      "Need to know whether avoiding additional risk is a hard constraint or a preference/trade-off.",
+    kind: "unknown",
+    status: "unknown",
+    confidence: "high",
+  });
+
+  const graph = makeGraph({
+    centralStatement:
+      "I want the business to grow, but I don't want to take on more risk.",
+    nodes: [riskUnknown],
+    edges: [],
+    activeUnknownNodeId: riskUnknown.id,
+    resolvedNodeIds: [],
+    currentSummary: "Risk clarification fixture",
+  });
+
+  return { graph, riskUnknownId: riskUnknown.id };
+}
+
 function makeMeaningfulNoOpProposal() {
   return {
     addedNodes: [
@@ -1012,6 +1036,222 @@ describe("applyValidatedProposal", () => {
     );
   });
 
+  it("Regression A: rejects weak priority being strengthened into a resolved constraint judgement", () => {
+    const { graph, riskUnknownId } = makeRiskClarificationFixture();
+
+    const result = applyValidatedProposal({
+      situationGraph: graph,
+      answer: "Risk matters more to me.",
+      previousQuestion:
+        "Is avoiding additional risk a hard constraint or a preference/trade-off?",
+      proposal: {
+        addedNodes: [],
+        updatedNodes: [
+          {
+            nodeId: riskUnknownId,
+            previousStatus: "unknown",
+            newStatus: "resolved",
+            previousValue: null,
+            newValue:
+              "Risk avoidance is not a hard constraint; it is a stronger priority.",
+            reason:
+              "The answer implies risk matters more but is not a hard constraint.",
+          },
+        ],
+        addedEdges: [],
+        removedEdgeIds: [],
+        resolvedUnknownNodeIds: [riskUnknownId],
+        affectedNodeIds: [],
+        selectedQuestion: null,
+        answerMeaning: {
+          userSupportedMeaning:
+            "Risk is of greater relative importance than growth.",
+          possibleInference:
+            "This may imply caution, but does not establish whether risk is a hard constraint.",
+          supportCategory: "relative_priority_only",
+          resolutionGuidance: "must_remain_unresolved",
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.stage).toBe("proposal_compatibility");
+    expect(result.errors.join(" ")).toContain("must remain unresolved");
+  });
+
+  it("Regression B: rejects conditional trade-off proposals that flatten the qualification", () => {
+    const { graph, riskUnknownId } = makeRiskClarificationFixture();
+
+    const result = applyValidatedProposal({
+      situationGraph: graph,
+      answer:
+        "I'd normally avoid more risk, but for the right opportunity I might accept some.",
+      previousQuestion:
+        "Is avoiding additional risk a hard constraint or a preference/trade-off?",
+      proposal: {
+        addedNodes: [],
+        updatedNodes: [
+          {
+            nodeId: riskUnknownId,
+            previousStatus: "unknown",
+            newStatus: "resolved",
+            previousValue: null,
+            newValue:
+              "Avoiding additional risk is a preference or trade-off rather than a hard constraint.",
+            reason:
+              "The answer shows a preference or trade-off rather than a hard constraint.",
+          },
+        ],
+        addedEdges: [],
+        removedEdgeIds: [],
+        resolvedUnknownNodeIds: [riskUnknownId],
+        affectedNodeIds: [],
+        selectedQuestion: null,
+        answerMeaning: {
+          userSupportedMeaning:
+            "The user would normally avoid more risk, but for the right opportunity might accept some.",
+          possibleInference:
+            "This may support eventual clarification, but the qualifying condition remains material.",
+          supportCategory: "conditional_tradeoff",
+          resolutionGuidance: "may_resolve",
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.stage).toBe("proposal_compatibility");
+    expect(result.errors.join(" ")).toContain("conditional qualification");
+  });
+
+  it("Regression C: rejects unresolved uncertainty being treated as resolved", () => {
+    const { graph, riskUnknownId } = makeRiskClarificationFixture();
+
+    const result = applyValidatedProposal({
+      situationGraph: graph,
+      answer: "I'm not really sure.",
+      previousQuestion:
+        "Is avoiding additional risk a hard constraint or a preference/trade-off?",
+      proposal: {
+        addedNodes: [],
+        updatedNodes: [
+          {
+            nodeId: riskUnknownId,
+            previousStatus: "unknown",
+            newStatus: "resolved",
+            previousValue: null,
+            newValue:
+              "Risk avoidance is probably a preference rather than a hard constraint.",
+            reason:
+              "The answer suggests uncertainty but leans toward preference.",
+          },
+        ],
+        addedEdges: [],
+        removedEdgeIds: [],
+        resolvedUnknownNodeIds: [riskUnknownId],
+        affectedNodeIds: [],
+        selectedQuestion: null,
+        answerMeaning: {
+          userSupportedMeaning:
+            "The user is not sure whether avoiding additional risk is a hard constraint or a preference/trade-off.",
+          possibleInference: null,
+          supportCategory: "uncertain",
+          resolutionGuidance: "must_remain_unresolved",
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.stage).toBe("proposal_compatibility");
+    expect(result.errors.join(" ")).toContain("must remain unresolved");
+  });
+
+  it("Regression D: rejects weakening an explicit hard constraint", () => {
+    const { graph, riskUnknownId } = makeRiskClarificationFixture();
+
+    const result = applyValidatedProposal({
+      situationGraph: graph,
+      answer: "It's a hard constraint. I don't want any increase in risk.",
+      previousQuestion:
+        "Is avoiding additional risk a hard constraint or a preference/trade-off?",
+      proposal: {
+        addedNodes: [],
+        updatedNodes: [
+          {
+            nodeId: riskUnknownId,
+            previousStatus: "unknown",
+            newStatus: "resolved",
+            previousValue: null,
+            newValue:
+              "Avoiding additional risk is a preference or trade-off rather than a hard constraint.",
+            reason:
+              "The answer was interpreted as a strong preference rather than a hard constraint.",
+          },
+        ],
+        addedEdges: [],
+        removedEdgeIds: [],
+        resolvedUnknownNodeIds: [riskUnknownId],
+        affectedNodeIds: [],
+        selectedQuestion: null,
+        answerMeaning: {
+          userSupportedMeaning:
+            "Avoiding additional risk is a hard constraint and the user does not want any increase in risk.",
+          possibleInference: null,
+          supportCategory: "explicit_hard_constraint",
+          resolutionGuidance: "must_resolve",
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).toBe(false);
+    expect(result.stage).toBe("proposal_compatibility");
+    expect(result.errors.join(" ")).toContain(
+      "weakens an explicitly stated hard constraint",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("accepts explicit hard constraint when proposal preserves it", () => {
+    const { graph, riskUnknownId } = makeRiskClarificationFixture();
+
+    const result = applyValidatedProposal({
+      situationGraph: graph,
+      answer: "It's a hard constraint. I don't want any increase in risk.",
+      previousQuestion:
+        "Is avoiding additional risk a hard constraint or a preference/trade-off?",
+      proposal: {
+        addedNodes: [],
+        updatedNodes: [
+          {
+            nodeId: riskUnknownId,
+            previousStatus: "unknown",
+            newStatus: "resolved",
+            previousValue: null,
+            newValue:
+              "Avoiding additional risk is a hard constraint. The user does not want any increase in risk.",
+            reason:
+              "The answer explicitly states a hard constraint with no allowed increase in risk.",
+          },
+        ],
+        addedEdges: [],
+        removedEdgeIds: [],
+        resolvedUnknownNodeIds: [riskUnknownId],
+        affectedNodeIds: [],
+        selectedQuestion: null,
+        answerMeaning: {
+          userSupportedMeaning:
+            "Avoiding additional risk is a hard constraint and the user does not want any increase in risk.",
+          possibleInference: null,
+          supportCategory: "explicit_hard_constraint",
+          resolutionGuidance: "must_resolve",
+        },
+      },
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.updatedSituationGraph.resolvedNodeIds).toContain(
+      riskUnknownId,
+    );
+  });
+
   it("active unknown matches selected question node", () => {
     const { graph, ids } = makeApplicationFixture();
 
diff --git a/tests/graph/prompt-builder.test.js b/tests/graph/prompt-builder.test.js
index 8a8f9f1..33086b9 100644
--- a/tests/graph/prompt-builder.test.js
+++ b/tests/graph/prompt-builder.test.js
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ describe("buildGraphUpdatePrompt", () => {
     expect(prompt).toContain("resolvedUnknownNodeIds");
     expect(prompt).toContain("affectedNodeIds");
     expect(prompt).toContain("selectedQuestion");
+    expect(prompt).toContain("answerMeaning");
   });
 
   it("lists enum values", () => {
@@ -111,4 +112,17 @@ describe("buildGraphUpdatePrompt", () => {
       "the engine will deterministically choose final priority after validation",
     );
   });
+
+  it("instructs the model to preserve user-supported meaning separately from inference", () => {
+    const prompt = buildGraphUpdatePrompt(makeContext());
+    expect(prompt).toContain(
+      "answerMeaning.userSupportedMeaning must state only what the user's answer directly supports",
+    );
+    expect(prompt).toContain(
+      "Put any stronger interpretation in answerMeaning.possibleInference",
+    );
+    expect(prompt).toContain(
+      "If the answer is only a relative priority statement, use supportCategory=relative_priority_only and resolutionGuidance=must_remain_unresolved",
+    );
+  });
 });
diff --git a/tests/graph/schema.test.js b/tests/graph/schema.test.js
index e7d727a..49f6ea6 100644
--- a/tests/graph/schema.test.js
+++ b/tests/graph/schema.test.js
@@ -181,6 +181,13 @@ describe("graphUpdateSchema", () => {
         question: "What does this new node mean?",
         reason: "A follow-up unknown remains.",
       },
+      answerMeaning: {
+        userSupportedMeaning:
+          "The user directly established a concrete answer.",
+        possibleInference: null,
+        supportCategory: "other",
+        resolutionGuidance: "may_resolve",
+      },
     });
     expect(result.success).toBe(true);
   });
@@ -192,6 +199,26 @@ describe("graphUpdateSchema", () => {
     expect(result.success).toBe(true);
   });
 
+  it("allows null answerMeaning", () => {
+    const result = graphUpdateSchema.safeParse({
+      answerMeaning: null,
+    });
+    expect(result.success).toBe(true);
+  });
+
+  it("validates structured answerMeaning when present", () => {
+    const result = graphUpdateSchema.safeParse({
+      answerMeaning: {
+        userSupportedMeaning: "Risk matters more to me.",
+        possibleInference:
+          "This may imply caution, but does not establish a hard constraint.",
+        supportCategory: "relative_priority_only",
+        resolutionGuidance: "must_remain_unresolved",
+      },
+    });
+    expect(result.success).toBe(true);
+  });
+
   it("rejects update with invalid node kind in addedNodes", () => {
     const invalid = graphUpdateSchema.safeParse({
       addedNodes: [
diff --git a/tests/graph/update-proposal.test.js b/tests/graph/update-proposal.test.js
index 66585ef..a526a44 100644
--- a/tests/graph/update-proposal.test.js
+++ b/tests/graph/update-proposal.test.js
@@ -19,6 +19,13 @@ function makeValidProposal(overrides = {}) {
     resolvedUnknownNodeIds: ["n-unknown"],
     affectedNodeIds: [],
     selectedQuestion: null,
+    answerMeaning: {
+      userSupportedMeaning:
+        "The user directly provided the updated complaint rate.",
+      possibleInference: null,
+      supportCategory: "other",
+      resolutionGuidance: "may_resolve",
+    },
     ...overrides,
   };
 }
@@ -131,6 +138,20 @@ describe("parseGraphUpdateProposal", () => {
     expect(result.proposal.selectedQuestion).toBeNull();
   });
 
+  it("defaults missing answerMeaning to null", () => {
+    const result = parseGraphUpdateProposal({
+      addedNodes: [],
+      updatedNodes: [],
+      addedEdges: [],
+      removedEdgeIds: [],
+      resolvedUnknownNodeIds: [],
+      affectedNodeIds: [],
+      selectedQuestion: null,
+    });
+    expect(result.success).toBe(true);
+    expect(result.proposal.answerMeaning).toBeNull();
+  });
+
   it("parses a valid selectedQuestion", () => {
     const result = parseGraphUpdateProposal(
       makeValidProposal({